Search Repository UNIVERSITAS MH.THAMRIN

Latar Belakang: Pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian
dan kecacatan. Prevalensinya pada usia dewasa di Indonesia mengalami
peningkatan dari 1,5 persen menjadi 1,9 persen pada tahun 2013 dan 2018.
Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan lingkungan dan perilaku hidup sehat
dengan kejadian pneumonia usia dewasa di Indonesia.
Metode: Desain penelitiannya adalah cross sectional dengan pendekatan
kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan data Riskesdas 2018. Data dianalisis secara
deskriptif dan inferensial (regresi logistik biner).
Hasil: Responden usia dewasa (umur 26-45) sebanyak 285.688 orang.
Prevalensi pneumonia usia dewasa 1,9%. Karakteristik responden yang
mengalami kejadian pneumonia sebagian besar adalah dewasa akhir (36 45
tahun) sebanyak 149.193 orang, jenis kelamin laki-laki 132.309 orang,
pendidikan rendah 163.977 orang, dan status bekerja 210.057 orang. Kondisi
lingkungan rumah responden sebagian besar adalah tidak padat 243.078
orang, berjendela 174.357 orang, memiliki ventilasi 205.861 orang, dan
pencahayaan alami 175.006 orang. Dari perilaku hidup sehat, responden
paling banyak merokok 175.006 orang, dan tidak cuci tangan 118.474 orang.
Hasil analisis multivariat terdapat enam variabel yang berhubungan signifikan
dengan kejadian pneumonia yaitu jenis kelamin, status bekerja, kepadatan
hunian, jendela rumah, perokok pasif, dan merokok. Variabel yang paling
dominan hubungannya dengan kejadian pneumonia adalah jenis kelamin,
dengan odds ratio 1,4. Laki-laki dewasa mempunyai peluang terjadinya
pneumonia sebesar 1,4 kali lebih tinggi dibanding perempuan.
Rekomendasi: Perlu dilakukan edukasi kepada masyarakat usia dewasa
terkait perilaku merokok, dan mencuci tangan. Selain itu edukasi terkait
kondisi lingkungan rumah tentang pentingnya membuka jendela rumah agar
terjadi sirkulasi atau pertukaran udara dan masuknya cahaya matahari.

Background: Pneumonia is one of the main causes of death and disability.
The prevalence in adulthood in Indonesia has increased from 1.5 percent to
1.9 percent in 2013 and 2018.
Purpose: To analyze the relationship between environmental and healthy
living habits with the incidence of adult pneumonia in Indonesia.
Methods: The research design was cross sectional with a quantitative
approach, using Riskesdas 2018 data. Data were analyzed descriptively and
inferentially (binary logistic regression).
Results: Respondents of adult age (age 26-45) were 285,688 people. The
prevalence of pneumonia in adults is 1.9%. The characteristics of
respondents who experienced the incidence of pneumonia were mostly late
adults (36 - 45 years) as many as 149,193 people, male gender 132,309
people, low education 163,977 people, and 210,057 people working status.
Most of the respondents' housing conditions were not crowded with 243,078
people, 174,357 windows, 205,861 ventilation, and 175,006 natural lighting.
From a healthy lifestyle, most respondents smoke 175,006 people, and do not
wash their hands 118,474 people. The results of the multivariate analysis
contained six variables that were significantly related to the incidence of
pneumonia, namely gender, work status, occupancy density, house windows,
passive smoking, and smoking. The variable with the most dominant
association with the incidence of pneumonia was gender, with an odds ratio
of 1.4. Adult males have a 1.4 times higher chance of developing pneumonia
than females.
Recommendation: It is necessary to educate the adult community regarding
smoking and hand washing. In addition, education related to the condition of
the home environment about the importance of opening the windows of the
house so that air circulation or air exchange occurs and the entry of sunlight.